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Stop Orbán's
SPO MUZZLE LAW 

What is it?

A turbocharged foreign agents law aimed at discrediting and harassing civil society, independent journalism, and opposition parties under the pretext of safeguarding Hungary's sovereignty. The law has created a Sovereign Protection Office (SPO), headed by a propagandist of the ruling Fidesz party.

Who is under SPO's attack?

Virtually everyone who threatens the country’s leadership grip on power. The SPO is scrutinizing former opposition MEPs' voting behaviors, Orbán's main opposition challenger, and the country's leading anti-corruption NGOs.

What has the EU done?

The European Commission initiated an infringement procedure against Hungary, now referred to the Court of Justice of the European Union.

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DOCUMENTS

Learn about the powers of the SPO and the most recent developments

Learn why this law is incompatible with EU law

Help us make noise, RT the RECLAIM Explainer Thread 

CALLING THE COMMISSION TO ACT

Member States

TIME TO ACT

Member States must honour their pledge to defend the founding values of the Union before the CJEU. They have until February 27 to submit their "application to intervene" to join the case. 

A real-life example of why this matters

​Democracy in Hungary is at risk of irreparable damage. The silencing of dissent threatens the integrity of the Hungarian 2026 parliamentary elections. ​ The SPO is also investigating Transparency International Hungary and Atlatszo, the two main anti-corruption groups in the country.

RECLAIM, together with other NGOs, is also urging the European Commission to request interim measures to the CJEU to suspend the SPO law and protect them.

27 Feb
2025
WHAT'S HAPPENING?

What's
HAPPENING?

Timeline of SPO activities

12 December 2022

The Council made use, for the first time, of the Rule of Law Conditionality Regulation with Hungary. The regulation allows the EU institutions to freeze funds when breaches of the rule of law in a Member State are so serious that they threaten the correct implementation of the EU budget. Funds were frozen under two other regimes (EUR 22 billion in cohesion funds and EUR 9.5 billion of the recovery and resilience facility) over similar concerns. 

Concerns over rule of law and corruption lead the EU institutions to freeze EUR 6.3 billion in funds to Hungary

Timeline of SPO activities

1 February 2024

Tamás Lánczi - a former Orbán speechwriter - was elected president of the SPO, which begings to operate in February . When Mr. Lánczi was the editor-in-chief of Figyelő, the outlet published a list of names of NGO members, accusing them of being ‘Soros mercenaries’. A Hungarian court ruled it as unlawful and fear-inducing.

The SPO begins operations, with Lánczi Tamás as its president

Timeline of SPO activities

17 March 2024

The President of the SPO argued in an interview in television that: 


“[I]f someone is working to deprive Hungary of the subsidies it is entitled to, and is proud to do so, what does it amount to? [...] The legislators and the law enforcers have a responsibility to clarify what they consider to be treason". 

The president of the SPO suggests modifying the crime of treason to target NGOs working with EU institutions

Timeline of SPO activities

2 May 2024

Our analysis shows that the SPO law seriously violates EU law, specifically highlighting breaches in Articles 2 and 10 of the Treaty on European Union, the freedoms of the internal market, and the fundamental rights outlined in the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights, in addition to violations of the General Data Protection, the Services Directive, and the Presumption of Innocence Directive.

RECLAIM publishes its legal opinion on the SPO law, explaining how it breaches both primary and secondary EU legislation

Timeline of SPO activities

22 May 2024

The Office pusblishes its first report, targeting journalists working for the New York Times, the CNN, Hungarian and international NGOs staff and a former NATO commander, among others. The SPO said their actions are "threatening the integrity of the election process" and that it is "justified to strengthen the protection of Hungary's sovereignty", whatever Orbán's government decides that to be.

The first SPO report is published, and targets journalists by their name

Timeline of SPO activities

18 June 2024

The SPO targets Transparency International Hungary and Atlatszo - a Hungarian independent news outlet - in an effort to silence anticorruption activists and journalists. They are investigated for cooperating with the EU institutions on the fund freezing to Hungary due to serious rule of law and fundamental rights deficiencies

The SPO initiates an investigation against anti-corruption entities: Transparency International Hungary and Atlatszo

Timeline of SPO activities

23 July 2024

July 23 is the last day for Hungary to provide an answer to the reasoned opinion sent by the European Commission as part of the pre-litigation procedure. If the Commission is not satisfied with the answer provided by Hungary, it can bring the country before the Court, and can (and should) request interim measures to suspend the law. 

📆 Deadline for Hungary to justify or repeal the SPO law - the Commission can, since then, bring the country before the CJEU

Timeline of SPO activities

4 December 2024

The European Commission has referred Hungary to the Court of Justice of the EU, citing the Sovereignty Protection Law's violations of fundamental rights. The Commission should ask for the suspension of the law via interim measures, as civil society actors remain exposed to mounting pressure by Orbán's government.

The European Commission brings Hungary to court

Timeline of SPO activities

12 December 2023

The Hungarian Parliament adopts Act LXXXVIII of 2023 on the protection of national sovereignty. You may find an official translation here, and an unofficial one made by the Hungarian Helsinki Committee with the aim of better reflecting the initial terminology, wording, and purpose of the Act, here.

The Sovereignty Protection Law is adopted

Timeline of SPO activities

7 February 2024

The European Commission launches an infringement procedure against the Sovereignty Protection Law arguing that it violates the democratic values of the EU, several fundamental rights of the CFREU (privacy and data protection, freedoms of expression and association, right to a fair trial, privilege agains self-incrimination, among others) and internal market freedoms.

The European Commission opens an infringement procedure against Hungary's Sovereignty Protection Law

Timeline of SPO activities

19 April 2024

The SPO launches an investigation against Péter Magyar, the main figure in the opposition to Orbán’s government, right before the European and local elections in Hungary. Mr. Magyar accuses Fidesz of corruption and of transforming the state into a propaganda machine. 

The SPO launches an investigation on the main opposition party ahead of the June 2024 EU and local elections

Timeline of SPO activities

6 May 2024

The Fidesz majority in the Hungarian parliament requests the SPO to investigate the activities of opposition MEPs. The request portrays the suspension of EU funds and other EU actions as attacks on Hungarians, and accuses those  MEPs of working against Hungary's interests and weakening its sovereignty.

The Hungarian Parliament requests the SPO investigates opposition MEPs activity and voting records

Timeline of SPO activities

22 May 2024

RECLAIM sent a letter to the Commission's President and Vice-President for Values and Transparency (Ms. von der Leyen and Ms. Jourová) warning about the risks posed by the SPO to the integrity of the European elections and its influence over the composition of the 2024-2029 Parliament. Instead of accelerating the procedure, the Commission gave Hungary two extra months to justify its draconian law.

RECLAIM and other NGOs request the Commission to safeguard EU election integrity - but the Commission delays the procedure

Timeline of SPO activities

4 July 2024

The report tries to justify Orbán’s obstruction of EU policy towards Ukraine and suggests that local opposition politicians independent media are ‘foreign agents’ following the Western narrative imposed by, among others, Commission President von der Leyen, VP Věra Jourová, HRVP Josep Borrell and EUCO President Charles Michel.

The SPO publishes a report on the war in Ukraine, one day before Orbán meets Putin

Timeline of SPO activities

14 October 2024

In its report, the SPO repeats the classic Fidesz narrative and accuses TI Hungary of being a foreign agent, spread disinformation and of harming Hungary. 


The reason? TI Hungary exposes the corruption of the government.

The SPO publishes its report on Transparency International Hungary

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